Germination can be tricky, especially when dealing with seed that has been stored for an extended period. Follow these essential tips for germinating old cannabis seeds put together by Kind Seed Co. to help you grow a bountiful harvest.
Hack 1: Scarification
Scarification is a technique that involves breaking, scratching, or otherwise weakening the outer shell of a seed—also known as the seed coat—to facilitate germination. The primary function of a seed coat is to protect the seed from harm. Over the years, the seed coat of old seeds can become tough and impermeable, preventing water absorption and hindering germination. Scarifying these seeds can improve their ability to absorb water and germinate more quickly.
Tools and Methods for Scarification
The scarification process should be done gently to prevent damaging the underlying embryo. A common method involves using a nail file or sandpaper to gently rub the seed coat until it becomes thin. Please note that it's not necessary to rub away the entire seed coat—a slight crack or thinning of the coat will suffice, allowing water to penetrate.
Another method is to use a pair of nail clippers or a sharp knife to nick the seed coat. This method requires caution to avoid cutting into the embryo. You may also consider hot water scarification. In this method, boiling water is poured over the seeds and then allowed to cool for 12-24 hours, which helps to weaken the seed coat. This method is particularly useful for hard-coated seeds.
Remember, patience and a delicate touch are key to successful scarification.
Hack 2: Soaking
Soaking is another technique that aids in the germination of old seeds. Old seeds often have a lower moisture content and can struggle to absorb enough water to initiate germination. By soaking them, you can effectively promote water uptake, rehydrate the seeds, and kickstart their germination cycle.
Proper Soaking Techniques
Start by submerging your old seeds in a bowl of warm water (not hot, as with the scarification technique) for about 12 to 24 hours. Ensure the seeds are completely covered with water. After soaking, drain the water and pat the seeds dry. Be careful not to leave the seeds soaking for too long, as this could cause them to rot. You can repeat the process if the seeds have not swollen after the first soak.
Hack 3: Stratification
Stratification is another hack that involves mimicking the natural conditions seeds would experience outdoors during the winter. This is especially important for old seeds that need a period of cold temperatures to germinate.
Methods for Stratifying Old Seeds
You can stratify your seeds by placing them in a sealed plastic bag with moistened peat moss or sand and storing them in the fridge for about 1-3 months. Ensure the medium is moist but not wet to prevent the seeds from rotting. After the stratification period, remove the seeds from the fridge and plant them immediately.
Hack 4: Pre-Germination Techniques
Pre-germination is a technique that encourages seed germination before planting them in the soil. This method gives you the advantage of knowing which seeds are viable and which aren't, thus saving you the time and effort of planting non-viable seeds.
Seed Storage Considerations
As soon as you buy your cannabis seeds be sure to start using proper storage techniques. First, seeds need to be kept away from moisture so its important to keep them in a mason jar or equivalent dry container.
Next, keep seeds in a consistent temperature from room temperature to cool.
Finally, keep direct sunlight and light to a minimum by using a wrap over the container or keeping in a cool and dark place.
Cannabis Seed Selection
Start with High-Quality Seeds from a reputable seed bank. Choosing to buy online is a smart decision because the seeds will be stored properly and not subject to customers handling the seeds inside a store.
Size does Not Matter
Contrary to much of what you read on the internet, size in terms of cannabis seeds is not as important as some lead you to believe. Scientific innovations such as creating feminized and autoflower cannabis seeds has also changed the size expectations for seeds. Some plants simply produce small seeds, and it is not a sign of viability. With an open mind and the same techniques as you use on a big seed, the tiny ones will allow you to harvest monster plants just as frequently.
Germinating Seeds for Growing Cannabis Outdoors
It is recommended to germination cannabis seeds indoors and transplant into a pot also indoors. Once the seedling is healthy and the weather is warm enough, then put it outside to start its flowering journey.
The Challenges of Germinating Old Cannabis Seeds
Old cannabis seeds present some unique challenges when you try to grow them. By understanding some of the common issues you might face during germination, you’ll be better equipped to grow them successfully.
Seed Viability and Storage Conditions
One of the main factors affecting old cannabis seeds' germination is their viability, which can be significantly influenced by storage conditions. If stored improperly, seeds can lose their potency over time, making germination more difficult. Factors such as exposure to light, humidity, and fluctuating temperatures can degrade the seeds, reducing their ability to sprout.
Seed Condition Issues Caused by Age
Old cannabis seeds also tend to have a harder outer shell, making it more difficult for the seed to absorb water and start the germination process. This can result in a longer germination time compared to fresher seeds. Old seeds might have also faced more exposure to pathogens over their lifespan, increasing disease risk during germination and growth.
Temperature and Humidity Control
Cannabis seeds generally prefer a warm and moist environment to germinate. The ideal temperature lies between 70-85 degrees Fahrenheit, while the ideal relative humidity level ranges between 70 and 90%. Using a controlled environment like a propagation dome can effectively achieve these conditions and increase germination success rates.
Patience and Monitoring
Be aware that germinating old cannabis seeds often take longer than fresh seeds. The process may require several days to a few weeks, so patience is key. Don’t give up if you aren’t seeing results within a few days, and make sure you look for signs of sprouting or any disease symptoms to handle any issues or promote any growth ASAP.
Troubleshooting and Common Mistakes
If your old seeds just don’t sprout, there might still be hope. At times, you might just need to troubleshoot a big. You might also be making some common mistakes that you can fix.
What to Do With Unsuccessful Germination
Not all seeds will germinate successfully. The seeds may show signs like a lack of sprouting after several weeks, discoloration, or an unpleasant smell signaling mold or decay.
If seeds are not germinating, consider changing their environment or trying different germinating methods like paper towels. However, remember that some old seeds may simply be too degraded to germinate. If that’s the case, you could be doing everything right and still not seeing results, so don’t blame yourself.
Germinate Old Cannabis Seeds Today
Germinating old cannabis seeds may be challenging, but with the proper techniques like scarification, pre-soaking, temperature and humidity control, and patience, you can successfully cultivate your cannabis plants. Each seed is unique, and germination can be unpredictable. Don't be discouraged if some seeds don't sprout. Instead, learn from each experience and experiment with different methods to find what works best for you.
For all your gardening needs, Kind Seed Co is your one-stop shop! A forward-thinking cannabis authority, we offer a wide variety of high-quality seeds, including many heirloom and organic options, alongside educational resources and expert advice to empower you on your cannabis cultivation journey. Whether you're a seasoned grower or just starting out, Kind Seed Co provides the tools and knowledge you need to cultivate thriving cannabis plants. Happy gardening!
